463 research outputs found
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Wideband G-Shaped Slotted Printed Monopole Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Applications
YesA novel wideband printed monopole antenna is proposed covering frequency spectrum of wireless local area network (WLAN) and the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). The total antenna size is 30 × 48 × 1.6 mm³ in which it consists of a G-shaped slotted printed antenna and a defected ground plane. Theoretical and experimental characteristics are presented and compared. The antenna yields an achieved impedance bandwidth of 95.1% between 2.374 GHz and 6.682 GHz at a reflection coefficient |S11| ≤ -10 dB.The results including S-parameters, surface current distribution, VSWR, radiation patterns and antenna gains; in addition to a reasonable and stable radiation pattern and power gain
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Design considerations of MIMO antennas for mobile phones
YesThe paper presents a new modeling and design concept of antennas using polar-
ization diversity of 2 £ 2 and 3 £ 3 Multiple Input Multiple Outputs (MIMO) system that is proposed for future mobile handsets. The channel capacity is investigated and discussed over
Raleigh fading channel and compared to a linear/planner antenna array MIMO channel. The capacity is also discussed over three types of power azimuth spectrums. The results are compared to the constraints capacity limits in which the maximum capacity observed
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Bandwidth Enhancement of Balanced Folded Loop Antenna Design for Mobile Handsets Using Genetic Algorithms
YesIn this paper, a simple folded loop antenna (FLA) for handsets with relatively wide-
band impedance, designed and optimized using genetic algorithms (GA). The FLA dimensions
were optimized and evaluated using GA in collaboration with NEC-2 source code. Configuration of optimal FLA with excellent VSWR covering entirely the required GSM1800 frequency bands was found within the maximum generation. A prototype antenna was tested to verify and validate the GA-optimized antenna structure. The measured data have shown good agreement with predicted ones. Moreover, the capabilities of GA are shown as an e±cient optimisation tool for
selecting globally optimal parameters to be used in simulations with an electromagnetic antenna design code, seeking convergence to designated specifications
Thermal Analysis of Convective-Radiative Fin with Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity Using Chebychev Spectral Collocation Method
yesIn this paper, the Chebychev spectral collocation method is applied for the thermal analysis of
convective-radiative straight fins with the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. The developed heat transfer model was used to analyse the thermal performance, establish the optimum thermal design parameters, and also, investigate the effects of thermo-geometric parameters and thermal conductivity (nonlinear) parameters on the thermal performance of the fin. The results of this study reveal that the rate of heat transfer from the fin increases as the convective, radioactive, and magnetic parameters increase. This study establishes good agreement between the
obtained results using Chebychev spectral collocation method and the results obtained using Runge-Kutta method along with shooting, homotopy perturbation, and adomian decomposition methods
Design of controlled RF switch for beam steering antenna array
YesA printed dipole antenna integrated with a duplex RF switch used for mobile base
station antenna beam steering is presented. A coplanar waveguide to coplanar strip transition was adopted to feed the printed dipole. A novel RF switch circuit, used to control the RF signal fed to the dipole antenna and placed directly before the dipole, was proposed. Simulated and
measured data for the CWP-to-CPS balun as well as the measured performance of the RF switch are shown. It has demonstrated the switch capability to control the beam in the design of beam steering antenna array for mobile base station applications
Haar Wavelet Collocation Method for Thermal Analysis of Porous Fin with Temperature-dependent Thermal Conductivity and Internal Heat Generation
YesIn this study, the thermal performance analysis of porous fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and internal heat generation is carried out using Haar wavelet collocation method. The effects of various parameters on the thermal characteristics of the porous fin are investigated. It is found that as the porosity increases, the rate of heat transfer from the fin increases and the thermal performance of the porous fin increases. The numerical solutions by the Haar wavelet collocation method are in good agreement with the standard numerical solutions
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Approach Towards Energy Efficient Power Amplifier for 4G Communications.
yesThe biggest challenge for future 4G systems is the need to limit the energy consumptions of battery-powered and base station devices, with the aim to prolong their operational time and avoid active cooling in the base station. The green wireless communications requires research in areas such as energy efficient RF front end, MAC protocol, networking, deployment, operation, and also the integration of base station with renewable power supply. In this paper, the design concept of energy efficient RF front end is considered in terms of RF power amplifiers at which it represents the workhorse of modern wireless communication systems and inherently nonlinear. The approach of output power back off is to amplify the signal at the linear region to avoid distortion, but this approach suffers from significant reduction in efficiency and power output. To boost the efficiency at wide range of output power and keep the same margin for signal with high crest factor, the load modulation technique with new offset line are employed to operate over the frequency range of 3.4GHz to 3.6GHz band. The performances of load modulation power amplifier are compared with balanced amplifier. The results of 42dBm output power and 62% power added efficiency are achieved
A Unique Wavelet-based Multicarrier System with and without MIMO over Multipath Channels with AWGN
yesRecent studies suggest that multicarrier systems using wavelets outperform conventional OFDM systems using the FFT, in that they have well-contained side lobes, improved spectral efficiency and BER performance, and they do not require a cyclic prefix. Here we study the wavelet packet and discrete wavelet transforms, comparing the BER performance of wavelet transform-based multicarrier systems and Fourier based OFDM systems, for multipath Rayleigh channels with AWGN. In the proposed system zero-forcing channel estimation in the frequency domain has been used. Results confirm that discrete wavelet-based systems using Daubechies wavelets outperform both wavelet packet transform- based systems and FFT-OFDM systems in terms of BER. Finally, Alamouti coding and maximal ratio combining schemes were employed in MIMO environments, where results show that the effects of multipath fading were greatly reduced by the antenna diversity
Design of Energy Efficient Power Amplifier for 4G User Terminals.
yesThis paper describes the characterization and design of
energy efficient user terminal transceiver power amplifier. To
reduce the design of bulky external circuitry, the load modulation
technique is employed. The design core is based on the
combination of Class B and Class C that includes quarter
wavelength transformer at the output to perform the load
modulation. The handset transceiver for this power amplifier is
designed to operate over the frequency range of 3.4GHz to
3.6GHz mobile WiMAX band. The performances of the load
modulation amplifier are compared with conventional Class B
amplifier. The results of 30dBm output power and 53% power
added efficiency are achieved
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Resolving the Password Security Purgatory in the Contexts of Technology, Security and Human Factors
YesPasswords are the most popular and constitute the
first line of defence in computer-based security systems; despite
the existence of more attack-resistant authentication schemes. In
order to enhance password security, it is imperative to strike a
balance between having enough rules to maintain good security
and not having too many rules that would compel users to take
evasive actions which would, in turn, compromise security. It is
noted that the human factor is the most critical element in the
security system for at least three possible reasons; it is the
weakest link, the only factor that exercises initiatives, as well as
the factor that transcends all the other elements of the entire
system. This illustrates the significance of social engineering in
security designs, and the fact that security is indeed a function of
both technology and human factors; bearing in mind the fact
that there can be no technical hacking in vacuum. This paper
examines the current divergence among security engineers as
regards the rules governing best practices in the use of
passwords: should they be written down or memorized; changed
frequently or remain permanent? It also attempts to elucidate
the facts surrounding some of the myths associated with
computer security. This paper posits that destitution of requisite
balance between the factors of technology and factors of
humanity is responsible for the purgatory posture of password
security related problems. It is thus recommended that, in the
handling of password security issues, human factors should be
given priority over technological factors. The paper proposes
the use of the (k, n)-Threshold Scheme, such as the Shamir’s
secret-sharing scheme, to enhance the security of the password
repository. This presupposes an inclination towards writing
down the password: after all, Diamond, Platinum, Gold and
Silver are not memorised; they are stored.Petroleum Technology Development Fun
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